Skip to content Skip to footer

Kentucky GOP’s New Bill Decriminalizes Use of Deadly Force Against the Unhoused

“I’m just ashamed that this bill even came into fruition,” a Lexington council member said.

An outreach worker delivers supplies to people living in a homeless camp on December 23, 2022, in Louisville, Kentucky.

Republican lawmakers in Kentucky introduced a bill last Tuesday that would criminalize homeless encampments and expand the state’s Stand Your Ground law to allow property owners to confront unhoused people with a gun. The bill, dubbed the “Safer Kentucky Act,” already has received more than 45 Republican co-sponsors and the Kentucky State Fraternal Order of Police has committed to testify in support of the legislation when it has a committee hearing.

“I’m just ashamed that this bill even came into fruition and I’m asking people to call their legislators and say no,” Lexington council member Tayna Fogle of District 1 said.

The proposed legislation grants cities the authority to designate specific areas for unhoused individuals. If individuals are found outside of the designated area, residing in a tent, hut, temporary shelter, or vehicle with the intention to sleep, they may face misdemeanor charges, leading to a fine of $5,000 and a potential imprisonment of up to 90 days.

“Telling someone that they cannot sleep in their car or in an encampment does not end homelessness … certainly, taking money away from evidence-based successful housing programs does not end homelessness,” Catherine McGeeney, director of communications for a Louisville-based advocacy group, Coalition for the Homeless, said.

The bill also gives people the ability to justify use of “defensive force” upon an unhoused person in instances of criminal trespass, including “unlawful camping” on the owner’s property. This would allow property owners to use deadly force against unhoused people on their property without facing criminal consequences.

“We’re very opposed to the insinuation and the justification of a use of force against someone who is unsheltered or unhoused. We know that in those situations, de-escalating and getting that person help are what we should do,” McGeeney said.

The proposed legislation also includes a range of additional criminal charges, such as the introduction of a “Three Strike Law” targeting repeat violent felony offenders. It also proposes heightened penalties for fentanyl distribution leading to an overdose, classifies fleeing from law enforcement as a Class C felony, and authorizes the death penalty in cases involving the murder of a first responder.

These increased criminal charges will inevitably result in additional incarcerations in overcrowded prisons. A 2021 analysis by the Prison Policy Initiative found that if Kentucky were a country, it would have the 7th highest incarceration rate in the world as a result of criminal policy decisions. Moreover, a study by the Vera Institute of Justice found that Kentucky’s jail and prison rates more than tripled from 1985 to 2018, because of the state’s dependence on criminalization as a means to address issues such as poverty, homelessness and addiction. In 2022, the state’s heightened focus on criminalizing social issues resulted in overcrowding in Kentucky jails. By the end of April, there were over 21,000 individuals in jails, and an additional 9,835 people were incarcerated in state prisons.

“It’s easier to campaign on being tough on people, let’s clean up our streets and lock these people up,” Whitney Westerfield, the Republican chair of the Kentucky Senate Judiciary Committee said in September. “It’s far more difficult to do the hard work of recovery, of building people back up.”

On Tuesday, various advocacy groups, including the Kentucky Center for Economic Policy, the Coalition for the Homeless, the Louisville Urban League, the Kentucky Equal Justice Center, Kentucky Council of Churches, and others held a press conference condemning the bill.

“We cannot continue to incarcerate everyone. It is a purely remote emotional response,” Felicia Nu’Man, the director of policy for the Louisville Urban League, said. “We should only incarcerate people for long periods of time when we are terrified of the violent acts they might commit — not because we are angry that they’re making our lives inconvenient and have a mental health problem like addiction.”

Help us Prepare for Trump’s Day One

Trump is busy getting ready for Day One of his presidency – but so is Truthout.

Trump has made it no secret that he is planning a demolition-style attack on both specific communities and democracy as a whole, beginning on his first day in office. With over 25 executive orders and directives queued up for January 20, he’s promised to “launch the largest deportation program in American history,” roll back anti-discrimination protections for transgender students, and implement a “drill, drill, drill” approach to ramp up oil and gas extraction.

Organizations like Truthout are also being threatened by legislation like HR 9495, the “nonprofit killer bill” that would allow the Treasury Secretary to declare any nonprofit a “terrorist-supporting organization” and strip its tax-exempt status without due process. Progressive media like Truthout that has courageously focused on reporting on Israel’s genocide in Gaza are in the bill’s crosshairs.

As journalists, we have a responsibility to look at hard realities and communicate them to you. We hope that you, like us, can use this information to prepare for what’s to come.

And if you feel uncertain about what to do in the face of a second Trump administration, we invite you to be an indispensable part of Truthout’s preparations.

In addition to covering the widespread onslaught of draconian policy, we’re shoring up our resources for what might come next for progressive media: bad-faith lawsuits from far-right ghouls, legislation that seeks to strip us of our ability to receive tax-deductible donations, and further throttling of our reach on social media platforms owned by Trump’s sycophants.

We’re preparing right now for Trump’s Day One: building a brave coalition of movement media; reaching out to the activists, academics, and thinkers we trust to shine a light on the inner workings of authoritarianism; and planning to use journalism as a tool to equip movements to protect the people, lands, and principles most vulnerable to Trump’s destruction.

We urgently need your help to prepare. As you know, our December fundraiser is our most important of the year and will determine the scale of work we’ll be able to do in 2025. We’ve set two goals: to raise $110,000 in one-time donations and to add 1350 new monthly donors by midnight on December 31.

Today, we’re asking all of our readers to start a monthly donation or make a one-time donation – as a commitment to stand with us on day one of Trump’s presidency, and every day after that, as we produce journalism that combats authoritarianism, censorship, injustice, and misinformation. You’re an essential part of our future – please join the movement by making a tax-deductible donation today.

If you have the means to make a substantial gift, please dig deep during this critical time!

With gratitude and resolve,

Maya, Negin, Saima, and Ziggy