Governor Jerry Brown yesterday signed historic legislation establishing a state policy that every Californian has a human right to safe, clean, affordable and accessible drinking water.
AB 685, authored by Assemblymember Mike Eng (D-Alhambra), also requires that all relevant state agencies consider the state policy when creating policies and regulations.
By signing this bill into law, California becomes the first state in the nation to declare safe, clean, affordable and accessible water a human right.
“Around 8.5 million people in Californians repeatedly experience excessive levels of toxicity in their drinking water every year,” said Assemblymember Eng. “As the representative of a district that sits on an aquifer that is the largest Superfund in the United States, I am very pleased that Governor Brown agreed that safe, clean, affordable and accessible drinking water is a basic human right and is willing to codify it into state policy.”
California’s failure to provide clean, safe drinking water to its residents captured the attention of the United Nations in a special report released in August 2010. Reporting on her mission to the United States, Catarina de Albuquerque, the U.N. Special Rapportuer on the Human Right to Safe Drinking Water and Sanitation, cited a host of alarming drinking water supply and sanitation conditions in California. (https://blogs.alternet.org/danbacher/2011/08/31/u-n-water-report-focuses-on-california-problems).
The report noted that over 250,000 California residents lack clean groundwater and are forced to purchase bottled water to ensure safe and clean drinking water. With annual median household incomes in some of the most severely contaminated areas reaching only $14,000, some households are devoting approximately 20 per cent of their income to water and sanitation, according to Eng’s Office.
Clean water and environmental justice advocates throughout the state applauded Brown’s signing of the legislation.
“The basic human right to safe, clean, affordable and accessible water became part of state policy yesterday when Governor Brown signed AB 685,” said Caleen Sisk, Chief of the Winnemem Wintu Tribe. “Thanks to all who have supported the Winnemem and all the other advocates for clean water in this fight!”
A.B. 685 directs relevant state agencies to advance the implementation of this policy when those agencies make administrative decisions pertinent to the use of water for human consumption, cooking, and sanitary purposes, according to a news release from the Environmental Justice Coalition for Water (ECJW).
“Safe, affordable water is a basic essential of survival,” said Alecia Sanchez of the California Center for Public Health Advocacy (CCPHA), a member of the Safe Water Alliance that has worked on this issue. “We applaud the Legislature and the Governor for recognizing this and taking the bold action to cement it into law.”
For years, grassroots activists, community leaders, faith-based groups, and dedicated environmental justice, public health and environmental organizations, drawn together by a shared commitment to improve access to safe drinking water in our poorest communities, have been advocating at the local, regional, and state level, combating powerful, entrenched interests determined not to change the status quo in California water policy, according to Paola Ramos, EJCW Interim Executive Director.
“It is disgraceful that there are communities in California that have struggled to gain access to safe water for decades,” said Maria Herrera of the Community Water Center, a member of the Safe Water Alliance. “What our communities have lacked in influence, we make up in heart. Our impacted communities have been the lodestar of our work. Their voices have carried us all forward.”
On August 29, legislators from regions all over the state—from Coachella Valley to San Diego, Fresno to the Central Coast, and San Gabriel to Marin County to Berkeley— stood up to support this bill and through their speeches echoed the voices of communities challenged to ensure safe water.
“Governor Brown also heard our community’s voices and now, with his signature of AB 685, state agencies making decisions that impact drinking water will have to consider our voices when setting policy, funding criteria, and regulation,” Herrera emphasized. “Today’s action will move not just these communities, but all of California, forward to the day where everyone can enjoy something as basic as safe drinking water. We are very grateful to Governor Brown for taking this historic step.”
The Safe Water Alliance co-sponsored AB 685. This alliance includes the Alliance for Democracy, Asociacion de Gente Unida por el Agua, California Rural Legal Assistance Foundation, Clean Water Action, Community Water Center, California Center for Public Health Advocacy, Environmental Justice Coalition for Water, Food and Water Watch, Policy Link, San Jerardo Cooperative, Inc., Unitarian Universalist Legislative Ministry Action Network, Unitarian Universalist Service Committee, Urban Semillas, Winnemem Wintu Tribe and Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom, U.S. Section.
Opponents of the bill included the Alameda County Flood Control and Water Conservation District 7, Association of California Water Agencies, California Chamber of Commerce, California Farm Bureau Federation, El Dorado Irrigation District, Friant Water Authority, Kern County Water Agency, Stockton East Water District, Valley Ag Water Coalition and Western Growers.
Opponents focused on the requirement that water be “affordable.” For example, the Association of California Water Agencies (ACWA), questioned “to what extent water agencies would be forced to comply with the law.” Additionally, some opponents argued that by establishing a potentially enforceable human right to water, this bill has uncertain legal implications that may result in litigation, according to the Senate Analysis.
Last October, Brown signed Assembly Bill 983, the Access to Safe Drinking Water Act, as part of the Human Right to Water bill package backed by a broad coalition of environmental justice advocates. The Governor also signed three other bills in the package: AB 938 by Assemblymember V. Manuel Pérez (D-Coachella), AB 1221 by Assemblymember Luis Alejo (D-Salinas) and SB 244 by Senator Lois Wolk (D-Davis). (https://blogs.alternet.org/danbacher/2011/10/08/brown-signs-bills-supporting-human-right-to-water)
AB 685, the Human Right to Water Measure, was held in the Senate Appropriations Commiteee and never reached Brown’s desk in the 2011 Legislative session, but passed through the Legislature this year.
By signing AB 685, Brown made a clear break with Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger, who vetoed the previous Human Right to Water bill, bowing to powerful corporate agribusiness interests.
While clean water advocates applaud Brown’s signing of AB 685 and the other bills, Brown has continued and expanded many of the other controversial environmental policies of the Schwarzenegger administration.
Brown has followed in Schwarzenegger’s foot steps by fast-tracking the plan to build a peripheral canal or tunnel, forging ahead with the privately funded Marine Life Protection Act (MLPA) Initiative that creates questionable “marine protected areas,” and presiding over record fish kills at the state and federal pumps in the 2011 water year.
The text of the bill is available at: https://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/11-12/bill/asm/ab_0651-0700/ab_685_bill_20120925_chaptered.pdf
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