Topher L. McDougal Topher L. McDougal is a development economist and professor at the Kroc School of Peace Studies at the University of San Diego, California, where he directs graduate programs in Humanitarian Action and Peace & Justice. Share Share via Facebook Facebook Circle Icon Share via Bluesky Bluesky Circle Icon Share via Flipboard Flipboard Circle Icon Share via Mail Mail Circle Icon Share via Print October 15, 2023